(Slovensko)
(Slovakia)
V sedemnástom storočí boli ľudia žijúci v Rakúsko-Uhorsku veľmi nespokojní. Mnohí z členov vysokej šľachty viedli povstania proti panovníkovi. Ľudia boli utláčaní a potrebovali hrdinu, ktorý by reprezentoval ich potreby a túžby. Juro Jánošík bol zbojník predtým pôsobiaci v armáde Kurucov. Ako vojak raz pomohol jednému zlodejovi z väzenia a tak sa dostal na dráhu zbojníctva.Existuje veľa legiend o Jurovom živote. Bol to ideálny slovenský muž- veľmi pekný, prefíkaný a šikovný. Tiež bol veľmi silný. Jeho sila spočívala v čarovných veciach, ktoré dostal od víl. Bola to valaška, špeciálny opasok, bielu košeľu a vlasy spletené do vrkočov.
Juro sa chcel stať kapitánom zbojníkov. Aby sa tak stalo, musel vyhrať súboj s doterajším kapitánom Uhorčíkom. So jeho čarovnými vecami to nebol žiadny problém.
Stal sa veliťeľom najpopulárnejšej bandy zbojníkov na Slovensku. Juro organizoval svoju skupinu veľmi úspešne. Zároveň jeho spôsoby, ako okradnúť bohatých zemepánov a kupcov, boli veľmi originálne.
ZBOJNÍK, KTORÝ BOHATÝM BRAL A CHUDOBNÝM DÁVAL
Nakoľko Juro vyrastal v rodine s veľkým počtom detí a vedel, čo je bieda, časť svojho lupu dával chudobným alebo takým, ktorí boli okradnutí bohatými zemepánmi.
AKO JURO VYMENIL NEPRAVÉ MINCE ZA PRAVÉ
Jedného dňa sa v Liptovskom sv. Jáne konal jarmok. Chudobný roľník chcel predať svoje dva voly, a preto stál v strede davu a volal:" Kúpte si moje voly, kúpte voly! Oplatí sa!" Jeden bohatý pán, ktorý bol mimochodom najznámejší mäsiar na dedine, sa pri ňom zastavil a hovoril:" Vyzerajú veľmi zdravo. Dám ti 300 dukátov za každého." "Dobre! Poďme zapiť kúpu," povedal roľník a obaja išli do krčmy zapiť oldomáš. Potom mäsiar odišiel a roľník chcel zaplatiť za pitie. Ale čo sa nestalo? Krčmár povedal, že mince sú falošné a nedá sa nimi zaplatiť vôbec nič. Roľník sa veľmi zarmútil. Vôbec si nevšimol, že za ním niekto stojí. Bol to Juro, ale bol zamaskovaný. Spýtal sa roľníka, čo sa stalo. Ten mu povedal všetko o mäsiarovom podvode. Juro mu dal peniaze, o ktoré prišiel, a odišiel. Tej noci Juro poslal mäsiarovi list, v ktorom stálo:
Hej, skúpy mäsiar! Oklamal si chudobného rolníka.
Mal by si mu vrátit naspät jeho voly, lebo inak ťa budem musieť osobne navštíviť a zobrať jeho voly sám.
Toto je jediné varovanie.
Juro Jánošík
Keď si zlý mäsiar prečítal list, iba sa zasmial. Kto by ho mohol okradnúť, keď mal toľko stráží? Spálil list a išiel spať. Na druhý deň išiel za richtárom a požiadal o viac stráží z armády. Deň pomaly prešiel a nikto sa neukázal. "Jánošík sa určite zľakol a ušiel,” pomyslel si. Večer zastavil pred domom mäsiara koč a vystúpil z neho nejaký urodzený pán. Povedal: ”Som hovorca maďarského zemepána Esterháziho a prišiel som, lebo môj pán usporadúva tento týždeň svatbu a počul som, že vy mate najkrajších volov v širokom okolí. Chcem ich kúpiť." "Ó, som veľmi potešený, že vás tu vidím." Mäsiar pozval urodzeného pána do svojho domu. Keď boli sami v jednej z miestností, pán zamkol dvere a spoza opaska vytiahol pár pištolí. Bol to Juro. Mäsiar sa nevedel spamätať. Juro povedal: "Prikáž svojim sluhom, aby odviedli voly naspäť roľníkovi domov. A daj mi všetky peniaze, ktoré máš. Pravé a tiež falošné.”
Mäsiar nemal žiadnu šancu. Musel urobiť všetko, čo mu Juro prikázal. Juro nakoniec povedal: "Zistím, či si všetko spravil tak, ako som ti prikázal. Nabudúce nepodvádzaj!" Potom sa stratil a už ho nebolo.
Musím spomenúť, že Jurove spôsoby boli naozaj nebezpečné ale vždy 100-percentne úspešné.
Vždy sa v prestrojení dostal na stretnutie či oslavu niektorých zemepánov. Bola to jeho špecialita. Ako vidíte, toto bola jeho parketa.
ČIERNY DEŇ PRE SLOVÁKOV
Napriek tomu, že bol nezraniteľný, jeho sila spočívala v jeho čarovných veciach. Bez nich bol iba obyčajný človek bez čarovnej sily a samozrejme bol zraniteľný. To sa preň stalo osudným. Raz u jednej starej pani, ktorá ho chcela vidieť vysieť, jedol polievku. Keď vojaci zistili, kde je, chceli ho chytiť. Juro ďalej pokojne jedol, pretože vedel, že bude jednoduché ich poraziť. Keď vošli do domu, postavil sa, že ujde, ale zlá baba mu pod nohy podhodila hrach a Juro padol. Náskakalo naň veľa vojakov a rozplietli mu jeho vlasy. Bol bez sily nemohol robiť nič. Spútali ho a odviedli do väzenia. Neskôr bol odsúdený na smrť zavesením na hák za rebro. Na mieste popravy Juro zakričal: ”Keď ste si ma upiekli, tak si ma aj ziedzte!" Potom vyskočil na hák a zabil sa.
PREČO BOL JURO JÁNOšíK TAKÝ DOBRÝ
Juro prišiel z rodiny zmietanej biedou a to je asi hlavný dôvod jeho dobrosrdečnosti. Bol to idol mnohých chlapcov a mužov toho obdobia. Obdobia biedy, obdobia vojen, obdobia útlaku, obdobia krutosti. Bol to hrdina, ktorý bral bohatým a dával chudobným. Zbojník, ktorý pomáhal ľudom a naprával krivdy. Keď zomrel ako statočný muž zo všetkou cťou a slávou, stal sa národným hrdinom pre mnoho ľudí. Juraj Jánošík...
There are many legends about Juro’s life. He was the ideal Slovak man- very handsome, sly and skilful. He was also very strong. He namely got special things from maids. It was a valaška (it was a kind of axe, but smaller and lighter, Juro’s valaška was special, because it could cut without any help, it was also very sharp and fast), a special belt (classic belt used by men with three buckles, was made of leather, Juro had also special herb which made him immortal), white shirt (part of Orava costume, Juro’s was made from flax in one night, this made the shirt resistant from bullets and swords) and very special hairdo (Juro’s hairdo was made by fairies, a power of three strong men was hidden in the braids).Juro wanted to be the captain of the highwaymen. For this he had to win a fight against the old captain Uhorčík. With the skills, he had, it was no problem.
He became the captain of the most popular highwaymen gang in Slovakia. Juro organized his gang very accurately. Also his ideas, how to rob rich landlords or tradesmen were topmost original.
HIGHWAYMAN WHO TOOK FROM THE RICH AND GAVE TO THE POOR
Because he lived in a family with many children and knew, what misery was, he gave a part of his loot to poor people, or to people who had been robbed by mean rich lords or tradesmen.
HOW JÁNOŠÍK CHANGED FALSE COINS FOR REAL
One day there was a market in Liptovský Ján. A poor villager wanted to sell his two bulls and because of this he was standing in the middle of the muss and crying:” Buy my bulls, buy my bulls! Great value!” One rich man, who was by the way the most famous butcher in the village, stalled by him and said: "They look very good and healthy. I’ll give you 300 talers (a coin used in those days) for each one.” "Allright. Lets go drink this purchase down!”, said the villager and they went to drink Dutch bargain. Than the butcher went home and the villager wanted to pay for alcohol. But what happened? The bartender said that the coins were false and he couldn’t pay anything with them. The villager was very unhappy. He didn’t notice that someone was standing besides him. It was Juro, but he was undercover. He asked the villager what had happened. The villager told him about the butcher and his fake. Juro gave him money he took from the butcher and before the villager could say thanks, Juro had gone. That night Juro sent a letter to the butcher. It read there:
You mean butcher! You tricked the poor villager.
You should give him his bulls back or I will be forced
To see you tomorrow personally and take the bulls by myself.
This is the one and only warning.
Yours sincerely Juro Jánošík
When the mean butcher read the letter, he laughed. Who could rob him when he had so many guards? He burned the letter and went asleep. The next day he went to the reeve and requested for more guards from the army. The day passed and nobody came. "Jánošik definitely got scared and ran away”, he thought. In the evening a carriage stood in front of the butcher’s house and a gentleman got out of it. He said: "I am the speaker of a Magyar landlord Esterházi and I came here because my lord has a wedding this week and we heard that you had the most beautiful bulls in wide surroundings. And we want to buy them.” "Oh, I’m very pleased to see you in my habitation.”, said the butcher and invited the gentleman into his house. When they were alone in one of the rooms, the gentleman locked the door and pulled a pair of guns from his belt. It was Juro. The butcher couldn’t say a word. Juro said: "Order your servants to take two bulls to the villager from Terchová. And give me all the money you have in your safe. The fakes and also the real ones.”
The butcher had no chance. He had to do everything as Juro said. Then Juro finally said:” I will hear whether you did this or not. So don’t fake again.” And he disappeared as fast and quiet as he came.
I must also mention that his ways to take money were extremely dangerous but always successful.
He always got to a party or a meeting of lords as undercover. It was his speciality. As you see he was very good in his domain.
A BLACK DAY FOR SLOVAK PEOPLE
Although he was immortal, his strength and immortality depended on his hairdo, his shirt and his belt. Without them he was just a normal human with no strength and also he was mortal. This became lethal for him. Once he was eating a meal made by an old woman who wanted to get him too. When the soldiers learned where Juro was, they ran to the old woman’s house. Juro was calm, because he knew that it would be easy to smash them. When they went to the house he stood to run away, but the old woman threw peas under his feet and he fell down. There were many of soldiers who jumped on him and let his hair down. He was powerless now and couldn’t do anything. They handcuffed him and took to prison. He was then sentenced to death by beeing hung on a hook for his rib. On the day of execution, Juro cried:"Keď ste si ma upiekli, tak si ma aj zjedzte! (When you have baked me, you have to eat me!)” Then he jumped on the hook and killed himself.
WHY WAS JURO SO KIND?
Juro came from a family agitated in misery and here is the germ of his kindness and bravery. He was an idol for the boys and men who lived in those times. Times of misery, times of wars, times of oppression, times of cruelty. He was the hero ho took from the rich and gave to the poor. The highwayman who helped people and retrieved the big wrongdoing. When he died as a brave man with all his honor and glory, he became national finial for many people. The one and only Juraj Jánošík. Who knows…maybe his great-great-great-grandson (if he exists) will mean the same as Juro meant for Slovak people of the 18th century…